What it is

Consumer cost guide for heat pump installation covering air-source ($6,500-$12,000), ductless mini-split ($2,000-$15,000), and geothermal ($15,000-$35,000+) systems. All heat pump types operate as fully electric systems regardless of refrigerant type. Electrical panel upgrades can add $1,500-$5,000 to base installation costs.

Why it matters

Panel upgrade adders ($1,500-$5,000) represent a significant cost burden for electrical contractors and homeowners during electrification retrofits. The excerpt confirms that all heat pump types—including those using propane (R290) refrigerant—still operate as fully electric systems, reinforcing service and distribution upgrade requirements. This cost multiplier affects project approvals and contractor scoping for residential electrification work.

Evidence from source:

  • Electrical panel upgrades add $1,500 to $5,000 to heat pump installation projects
  • All heat pump types are ‘primarily electric systems’ including air-source, ductless, and geothermal
  • Base installation costs range $6,500-$12,000 for ducted air-source systems

Open questions

  • What percentage of residential heat pump retrofits trigger panel upgrades vs. requiring full service entrance replacements?
  • How do utility incentive programs account for electrical distribution upgrade costs in electrification rebates?